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20 Most Repeated Operating System MCQs from NTS, CSS, PMS, KPPSC, PPSC, ETEA, SPSC, BPSC, and FPSC Past Papers
Here is 20 most repeated Operating System MCQs from Pakistani past papers, complete with correct answers and explanations. These Operating Systems MCQs is a highly tested subject across all these testing agencies.
1
What is the core of an Operating System that manages memory, CPU, and other hardware?
Explanation
Correct Answer: Option C
The kernel is the central component (or the heart) of an operating system. It remains in the main memory and manages all hardware and system resources, acting as a bridge between software applications and the physical hardware.
2
Which of the following is a synchronization tool used to solve the critical section problem?
Explanation
Correct Answer: Option B
A semaphore is an integer variable used to manage concurrent processes. It helps control access to a common resource by multiple processes and avoids race conditions in the critical section.
3
The Banker’s Algorithm is used for which of the following purposes?
Explanation
Correct Answer: Option C
4
A situation where a process spends more time paging than executing is called:
Explanation
Correct Answer: Option A
Thrashing occurs when a computer's virtual memory subsystem is in a constant state of paging, rapidly exchanging data in memory for data on disk, to the exclusion of most application-level processing.
5
Which scheduling algorithm allocates the CPU first to the process that arrives first?
Explanation
Correct Answer: Option C
FCFS is the simplest CPU scheduling algorithm. Processes are dispatched according to their arrival time on the ready queue.
6
The Round Robin (RR) scheduling algorithm is primarily designed for:
Explanation
Correct Answer: Option B
7
What is Virtual Memory?
Explanation
Correct Answer: Option A
8
The process of saving the state of an old process and loading the saved state of a new process is known as:
Explanation
Correct Answer: Option B
9
What does "PCB" stand for in the context of Operating Systems?
Explanation
Correct Answer: Option B
A PCB is a data structure in the operating system kernel containing the information needed to manage a particular process (like process state, program counter, CPU registers, etc.).
10
Which memory allocation strategy allocates the smallest hole that is large enough to accommodate the process?
Explanation
Correct Answer: Option B
11
What is a "Thread" in OS terminology?
Explanation
Correct Answer: Option C
A thread is the smallest sequence of programmed instructions that can be managed independently by a scheduler. Multiple threads can exist within the same process and share its resources.
12
The time taken by the disk arm to locate the specific cylinder or track on a hard disk is called:
Explanation
Correct Answer: Option C
Seek time is the physical time it takes for the read/write head of the disk drive to move to the correct track on the platter.
13
What is the primary objective of Multiprogramming?
Explanation
Correct Answer: Option A
Multiprogramming keeps multiple programs in main memory at the same time so the CPU always has something to execute, thereby maximizing CPU utilization and preventing it from sitting idle.
14
The term "Spooling" stands for:
Explanation
Correct Answer: Option B
Spooling is a process in which data is temporarily held to be used and executed by a device, program, or the system (e.g., sending multiple documents to a printer queue).
15
A situation where two or more processes are waiting indefinitely for an event that can be caused by only one of the waiting processes is known as:
Explanation
Correct Answer: Option B
In a deadlock, each process holds a resource and waits to acquire a resource held by another process in the set, creating a cycle where no process can proceed.
16
Which of the following is not a valid state of a process?
Explanation
Correct Answer: Option D
The standard process states in an OS lifecycle are New, Ready, Running, Blocked (or Waiting), and Terminated. "Stored" is not an official process state.
17
Dividing logical memory into blocks of the same size is called:
Explanation
Correct Answer: Option B
18
Inter-Process Communication (IPC) is required for:
Explanation
Correct Answer: Option B
IPC mechanisms (like shared memory or message passing) allow processes to communicate with each other and synchronize their actions when they are cooperating to perform a specific task.
19
What is "Bootstrapping" in an Operating System?
Explanation
Correct Answer: Option C
20
A program in execution is called a:
Explanation
Correct Answer: Option B
While a program is a passive entity (like a file on a disk), a process is an active entity. It is a program that has been loaded into memory and is currently being executed by the CPU.
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