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20 Most Repeated Computer Fundamentals MCQs for NTS, CSS, PMS, KPPSC, PPSC, ETEA, SPSC, BPSC, and FPSC
Here are the 20 most repeated Computer Fundamentals MCQs, complete with options, correct answers, and explanations to help you solidify your understanding. These specific computer science questions appear frequently across various testing boards in Pakistan.
20 Most Repeated Computer Fundamentals MCQs
1
Who is known as the "Father of the Computer"?
Explanation
Correct Answer: Option B
Charles Babbage, a mathematician and inventor, originated the concept of a programmable general-purpose computer in the 1830s with his design for the "Analytical Engine."
2
Which component is considered the "brain" of a computer system?
Explanation
Correct Answer: Option C
The Central Processing Unit (CPU) is the primary component of a computer that acts as its "brain." It processes instructions, performs calculations, and manages the flow of information through a computer system.
3
What does RAM stand for, and what type of memory is it?
Explanation
Correct Answer: Option B
RAM stands for Random Access Memory. It is a "volatile" type of memory, meaning it only stores data temporarily while the computer is turned on. Once the power is off, the data in RAM is erased.
4
1 Byte is equal to how many bits?
Explanation
Correct Answer: Option B
A bit (binary digit) is the smallest unit of data in a computer and has a single binary value, either 0 or 1. A byte is a sequence of 8 bits processed as a single unit of information.
5
First-generation computers relied on which technology?
Explanation
Correct Answer: Option C
The first generation of computers (approx. 1940-1956) used bulky, heat-generating vacuum tubes for circuitry and magnetic drums for memory.
6
What does ALU stand for?
Explanation
Correct Answer: Option B
The ALU is a crucial part of the CPU. It handles all the mathematical calculations (addition, subtraction) and logical operations (comparing values) for the computer.
7
Which of the following is an example of System Software?
Explanation
Correct Answer: Option C
8
What does GUI stand for?
Explanation
Correct Answer: Option B
A GUI allows users to interact with electronic devices through graphical icons and visual indicators (like windows, menus, and pointers) rather than text-based command lines.
9
Which of the following is non-volatile memory?
Explanation
Correct Answer: Option C
Read-Only Memory (ROM) is non-volatile, meaning it retains its stored data even when the computer's power is turned off. It typically holds the firmware needed to boot up the computer.
10
What is the standard keyboard shortcut to "Undo" an action?
Explanation
Correct Answer: Option B
'Ctrl + Z' is universally used to undo the last action performed in most software applications. `Ctrl + Y` is typically used to "Redo."
11
What does HTTP stand for?
Explanation
Correct Answer: Option A
HTTP is the foundational protocol used by the World Wide Web. It dictates how messages are formatted and transmitted over the internet, allowing web browsers to communicate with web servers.
12
1 Megabyte (MB) is equal to:
Explanation
Correct Answer: Option B
In traditional binary computing architectures, storage is calculated in powers of 2. Therefore, 1 Megabyte equals $2^{10}$ or 1024 Kilobytes.
13
Which shortcut key is used for "Find and Replace" in MS Word?
Explanation
Correct Answer: Option C
While `Ctrl + F` opens the "Find" dialog, `Ctrl + H` directly opens the "Find and Replace" dialog box in Microsoft Office applications.
14
What does LAN stand for?
Explanation
Correct Answer: Option B
A LAN is a computer network that interconnects computers within a limited physical area such as a residence, school, laboratory, university campus, or office building.
15
Who invented the World Wide Web (WWW)?
Explanation
Correct Answer: Option B
Sir Tim Berners-Lee, a British computer scientist, invented the World Wide Web in 1989 while working at CERN to facilitate information sharing among scientists globally.
16
Which of the following is an output device?
Explanation
Correct Answer: Option D
A plotter is a specialized printer used to produce high-quality vector graphics and large-scale architectural or engineering drawings, making it an output device. The others are input devices.
17
What is the primary function of an Operating System?
Explanation
Correct Answer: Option C
The operating system acts as an intermediary between the user and the computer hardware. It allocates memory, schedules tasks, manages files, and coordinates hardware components.
18
What does URL stand for?
Explanation
Correct Answer: Option B
19
Which protocol is primarily used to send emails?
Explanation
Correct Answer: Option C
SMTP stands for Simple Mail Transfer Protocol. It is the industry standard for sending (pushing) emails from a client to a mail server. (Note: POP3 and IMAP are used for *receivingemails).
20
What does the term "Phishing" refer to?
Explanation
Correct Answer: Option B
Phishing is a cybercrime where attackers use deceptive emails, messages, or websites to trick individuals into revealing personal information, such as passwords or credit card numbers.
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