Programming and Data Structures MCQs for NTS, CSS, PMS, KPPSC, PPSC, ETEA, SPSC, BPSC, and FPSC Tests

A solid foundation in Programming Fundamentals and Data Structures is essential for any computer science-related test, including those conducted by FPSC, NTS, and ETEA. This collection of 20 MCQs will help you review key concepts in C++, data structures, and object-oriented programming (OOP).

1. In C++, which symbol is used to terminate a statement?

• Colon (:)
• Semicolon (;)
• Period (.)
• Comma (,)

Answer: Semicolon (;)

2. What does 'OOP' stand for?

• Object-Oriented Programming
• Open-Object Programming
• Oriented-Object Protocol
• Optimal-Oriented Programming

Answer: Object-Oriented Programming

3. Which of the following is a linear data structure?

• Tree
• Graph
• Array
• Heap

Answer: Array

4. The 'LIFO' principle is followed by which data structure?

• Queue
• Stack
• Linked List
• Tree

Answer: Stack (Last-In, First-Out)

5. Which of the following is a feature of OOP?

• Encapsulation
• Inheritance
• Polymorphism
• All of the above

Answer: All of the above

6. A variable that holds a memory address is called a...?

• Integer
• Float
• Pointer
• Character

Answer: Pointer

7. A queue data structure operates on the principle of...?

• LIFO (Last-In, First-Out)
• FIFO (First-In, First-Out)
• FILO (First-In, Last-Out)
• LILO (Last-In, Last-Out)

Answer: FIFO (First-In, First-Out)

8. Which keyword is used to define a class in C++?

• struct
• class
• object
• define

Answer: class

9. The process of arranging data in a specific order is called...?

• Searching
• Sorting
• Merging
• Traversing

Answer: Sorting

10. In C++, the 'cout' object is used for...?

• Input
• Output
• Error handling
• File operations

Answer: Output

11. A function that calls itself is known as a...?

• Looping function
• Recursive function
• Nested function
• Inline function

Answer: Recursive function

12. Which data structure uses a 'head' and 'tail' pointer?

• Stack
• Array
• Queue
• Graph

Answer: Queue

13. The complexity of a binary search algorithm is...?

• O(n)
• O(log n)
• O(n^2)
• O(1)

Answer: O(log n)

14. What is the purpose of a constructor in a class?

• To destroy an object
• To initialize an object's state
• To define the class methods
• To perform a calculation

Answer: To initialize an object's state

15. Which of the following is not a primitive data type?

• int
• float
• char
• array

Answer: array

16. A node in a singly linked list contains a data part and a...?

• Pointer to the previous node
• Pointer to the next node
• Pointer to the head node
• Pointer to the tail node

Answer: Pointer to the next node

17. What is polymorphism?

• The ability of a class to derive properties from another class
• The ability to present the same interface for different data types
• The wrapping of data and functions into a single unit
• The ability to hide implementation details

Answer: The ability to present the same interface for different data types

18. Which header file is required for using 'cin' and 'cout' in C++?

• <conio.h>
• <stdio.h>
• <iostream>
• <math.h>

Answer: <iostream>

19. The process of inserting an element into a stack is called...?

• Enqueue
• Push
• Pop
• Insert

Answer: Push

20. Which sorting algorithm is known for its "divide and conquer" strategy?

• Bubble Sort
• Insertion Sort
• Quick Sort
• Selection Sort

Answer: Quick Sort